OPERATING SYATEM||HOW USER CAN INTERACT WITH THE COMPUTER HARDWARE

The Operating system is an interface that provides interaction to user with computer hardware like hard disk, RAM , printers , keyboard etc. it's a most important program in a computer system.

                      diagrammatic representation of user interface                                             with computer hardware   

• this is the one program that runs all the time ,as long as computer is operational .The fundamental goal of computer system to execute user programs and to make solving user problem easier.

•   the primary goal of an operating system is to make computer operation easy.

• The secondary goal of an operating system is to make efficient operation of the computer system .

•  What is an Operating system ?

• The Operating System acts as a medium between the user and the computer.

• The OS (Operating system) is a system software. Which provides the interface between the user and the system.

• It provides all the resources of the computer to the user in a better and easier way.

• It is the main software of any system. It is installed in the main memory of the system (Random Access Memory).

• The operating system manages all the devices connected to the computer. This makes our language understandable by computers and makes the language of computers understandable to us.

• Whenever we give any Instruction to our hardware on computer such as printing a page, it is done by the operating system in just one or two clicks. But if there is no operating system, then we have to write the code to give the printer the instruction to print.

Overall the task of the operating system is to make all the Activities we do on the system very easy.

• How operating system works ?

• Whenever the computer is first switched on, the BIOS (Basic input / output system) starts working first.

The BIOS has a list of Permissions which alternately checks all the main sources such as hard disk etc. one by one. This process is called boot priority.

In this sequence, he runs a test run to see if all the hardware are working properly. Then it also checks if any new hardware is connected. Then he proceeds to start the OS.

In this sequence, he gets the bootloader. Now he finishes his work by loading it in a fixed place of memory.

Now the bootloader finds the operating system present in the system and loads it into the main memory. At this time, if more OS are in the system, then it shows the user its list, which operating system to load.
Once the Operating System is loaded, it installs control over the entire system. Hardware or software at all. Then from here, he handles all apps, when to handle softwares, how much and how to handle, when to start, how much memory to give, etc.

• The Operating System has codes to control all the hardwares and software connected to the computer.

• Whenever the user clicks on any option from keyboard or mouse to Play, Open, Delete etc. for an app or hardware, then the Operating System in its background orders the instruction to follow that app through its related codes. .

• In this way the Operating System works and never shares the location of your location i.e. Boss.

• Types of Operating systems

• Today, many types of Operating Systems have come among us. We will learn about some of the main Operating Systems here. Which are the most popular nowadays. After that, you will learn about some old and new operating systems.

• Top 4 most popular OS

● Windows
● Mac OS (Apple)● Android
● Linux

• Windows Operating system

• The Windows operating system was launched by Microsoft in the 1980s. It is the world's most popular OS that runs on PCs or laptops. Which already comes PreInstalled in almost every new PCs.

• The most popular version of this OS was Windows 7. However, there are many categories in this OS as well. Like, Home, professional, ultimate. They all have different prices too.

• User can also change (Upgrade) the OS of his computer whenever he wants.

Mac OS (Apple)

Apple Inc. Has built Mac OS to run on their Macintosh computers.
Its popularity is less than that of Windows. Their prices, whether they are devices or softwares, all come very expensive.

Android OS

Android OS was discovered by Andy Rubin and his colleagues, which was later bought by Google and developed.

Android OS, created by Google and Open handset alliance, is the most popular operating system in the world which is most used on mobile.

It is an open-source software that anyone can develop and distribute.

It is based on the Linux kernel programming language. Below we will learn about its server version.

Linux OS

Linus Torwalds invented the Linux kernel of this OS in 1991. It is named Linux after him.

Linux OS is an open source OS. Which any Modify and Distribution can do. Its server version is most commonly used to handle servers.

Mobile OS

Software or Apps that run on mobile are very different from PCs. Therefore mobiles have different OSs.

The most popular mobile OS is Google's Android OS, followed by Apple's iOS, followed by other Windows, Blackberry, Symbian etc.
Other Operating Systems

Network Operating System

Network Operating System is a software that provides communication facilities to many computers.

Examples of this are our servers. We are providing hosting and you are reading this site.

Network OS is a type of computer operating system that employs advanced hardwares. It is used to perform network functions. Our PCs can also do this work, but their performance is not good.